CMIP Faculty
Founded in 2009 at Duke University, the Center for Metamaterials and Integrated Plasmonics (CMIP) consists of a group of researchers dedicated to the exploration of artificially structured materials and their potential impact across a broad range of technologies. At CMIP, researchers study the fundamentals of metamaterials, including developing design techniques and strategies, as well as methods for the precise prediction and characterization of metamaterial properties. CMIP researchers consider the use of metamaterials not only across the electromagnetic spectrum—from microwaves to optics—but also across different branches of physics, including acoustics and fluid flow. CMIP researchers are also at the forefront of innovation and entrepreneurship, with several companies now founded on CMIP inventions and discovery.
Since 2000, over 7,500 academic publications on metamaterials have been published at over 500 universities. Duke University, led by its Center for Metamaterials and Integrated Plasmonics, heads the pack with 133 publications.
Positions: J.A. Jones Distinguisted Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, a Philip Baugh Scholar, and Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Duke University. ECE at Georgia Institute of Technology; Research Director of the NSF ERC in Electronic Packaging Research; Researcher in the Microelectronics Research Center at Georgia Tech.
Research Interests: Her research work focuses on integrated nanosystems and microsystems with an emphasis on photonic integration for sensing and telecommunications systems.
Known For: Implementing (SMIF) The Shared Materials Instrumentation Facility at Duke as an interdisciplinary shared resource providing researchers with high quality and cost effective access to advanced materials characterization and fabrication capabilities. In addition to discovering solutions that could prove particularly useful in battery-powered computers, such as handheld imaging and diagnostic devices with headway in the quest to control the beams of light generated by tiny lasers.
Goldflam, MD; Liu, MK; Chapler, BC; Stinson, HT; Sternbach, AJ; McLeod, AS; Zhang, JD; Geng, K; Royal, M; Kim, B-J; Averitt, RD; Jokerst, NM; et. al., Voltage switching of a VO2 memory metasurface using ionic gel, Applied Physics Letters, vol 105 no. 4 (2014), pp. 041117-041117.
Dhar, S; Miller, DM; Jokerst, NM, High responsivity, low dark current, heterogeneously integrated thin film Si photodetectors on rigid and flexible substrates., Optics Express, vol 22 no. 5 (2014), pp. 5052-5059.
Tsai, YJ; Larouche, S; Tyler, T; Llopis, A; Royal, M; Jokerst, NM; Smith, DR, Arbitrary birefringent metamaterials for holographic optics at λ = 1.55 μm., Optics Express, vol 21 no. 22 (2013), pp. 26620-26630.
Moore, C; Cevikbas, F; Pasolli, HA; Chen, Y; Kong, W; Kempkes, C; Parekh, P; Lee, SH; Kontchou, NA; Yeh, I; Jokerst, NM; Fuchs, E; Steinhoff, M; Liedtke, WB, UVB radiation generates sunburn pain and affects skin by activating epidermal TRPV4 ion channels and triggering endothelin-1 signaling., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA, vol 110 no. 34 (2013), pp. E3225-E3234.
Tsai, Y-J; Tyler, T; Larouche, S; Llopis, A; Royal, M; Jokerst, NM; Smith, DR, Metamaterial polarization multiplexed gratings, CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science, CLEO:QELS FS 2013 (2013).
Positions Held: Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Assistant Professor of Physics
Research Interests: Probe and control interactions between light and matter in artificially created nanoscale structures, in particular, materials with sub-10 nm dimensions and quantum-confined solid-state systems. Mikkelsen’s group specializes in ultrafast optical experiments in the visible and near-IR and fabrication of highly-engineered nanostructures with the goal to elucidate properties emerging at the nanoscale and pave the way to harness these to transform existing and enable new technologies. Recent interests include control of radiative properties of emitters embedded in plasmonic nanoantennas, quantum plasmonics, cavity QED, electron spin dynamics, and two-dimensional semiconductor materials.
Known For: Mikkelsen is best known for the first demonstration of nondestructive readout of a single electron spin (Science 2006) and ultrafast manipulation of a single spin using all-optical techniques (Science 2008). More recently, she is becoming known for extreme radiative decay engineering using plasmonic nanoantennas (Nature Photonics 2014).
T. Zentgraf, Y. Liu, M. H. Mikkelsen, J. Valentine & X. Zhang, Plasmonic Luneburg and Eaton lenses, Nature Nanotechnology. 6, 151–155 (2011).
J. Berezovsky, M. H. Mikkelsen, N. G. Stoltz, L. A. Coldren, D. D. Awschalom, Picosecond Coherent Optical Manipulation of a Single Electron Spin in a Quantum Dot, Science. 320 (5874), 349-352 (2008).
M. H. Mikkelsen, J. Berezovsky, N. G. Stoltz, L. A. Coldren & D. D. Awschalom, Optically detected coherent spin dynamics of a single electron in a quantum dot, Nature Physics 3, 770 - 773 (2007).
J. Berezovsky, M. H. Mikkelsen, O. Gywat, N. G. Stoltz, L. A. Coldren, D. D. Awschalom, Nondestructive Optical Measurements of a Single Electron Spin in a Quantum Dot, 314 (5807), 1916-1920, (2006).
Positions: James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of ECE and Department Chair; Adjunct Professor, U. C. San Diego; Visiting Professor, Physics, Imperial College, London; Affiliate Professor, ECE University of Washington; Strategic Director, Metamaterials Commercialization Center, Intellectual Ventures
Research Interests: The theory, simulation and characterization of unique electromagnetic structures, including photonic crystals and metamaterials. Smith’s group focuses on both fundamental science and applications of electromagnetic metamaterials, including structures at microwave and terahertz frequencies, as well as infrared and visible wavelengths. Currently Smith is working to combine computational imaging techniques with metamaterials for next generation security scanners.
Known For: Major milestone experiments in the metamaterials field: the first demonstration of a metamaterial with negative refractive index in 2000, and the first “invisibility cloak” in 2006 (with Cummer). Smith is one of the most well-known researchers in physics and electrical engineering worldwide, having been recognized in 2009 and again in 2014 by Reuters as a “Highly Cited Researcher.”
Watts, CM; Shrekenhamer, D; Montoya, J; Lipworth, G; Hunt, J; Sleasman, T; Krishna, S; Smith, DR; Padilla, WJ, Terahertz compressive imaging with metamaterial spatial light modulators, Nature Photonics, vol 8 no. 8 (2014), pp. 605-609 [10.1038/nphoton.2014.139] [abs].
Degiron, A; Smith, DR, One-way glass for microwaves using nonreciprocal metamaterials, Physical Review E: Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics, vol 89 no. 5 (2014) [10.1103/PhysRevE.89.053203] [abs].
Ciracì, C; Chen, X; Mock, JJ; McGuire, F; Liu, X; Oh, S-H; Smith, DR, Film-coupled nanoparticles by atomic layer deposition: Comparison with organic spacing layers, Applied Physics Letters, vol 104 no. 2 (2014), pp. 023109-023109 [10.1063/1.4861849] [abs].
Lipworth, G; Ensworth, J; Seetharam, K; Huang, D; Lee, JS; Schmalenberg, P; Nomura, T; Reynolds, MS; Smith, DR; Urzhumov, Y, Magnetic metamaterial superlens for increased range wireless power transfer., Scientific Reports, vol 4 (2014) [10.1038/srep03642] [abs].
Positions Held: Director of Duke Engineering Research Institute, Professor of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Research Interests: I am interested in the investigation of the infrared, optical and magneto-optical properties of novel materials. The goal is to demonstrate high performance materials for novel terahertz, infrared and optical devices. Both frequency domain and time domain spectroscopic methods are utilized to carry out this task and include Fourier transform and terahertz time domain spectroscopy.
Known For: Terahertz spectroscopy, Perfect absorbers, Dynamic tunable metamaterials, Imaging
Watts, CM; Shrekenhamer, D; Montoya, J; Lipworth, G; Hunt, J; Sleasman, T; Krishna, S; Smith, DR; Padilla, WJ, Terahertz compressive imaging with metamaterial spatial light modulators, Nature Photonics 8, 605–609 (2014).
Shrekenhamer, D; Montoya, J; Krishna, S; Padilla, WJ, Four-Color Metamaterial Absorber THz Spatial Light Modulator, Advanced Optical Materials 1, 905 (2013).
Liu, X; Padilla, WJ; Dynamic Manipulation of Infrared Radiation with MEMS Metamaterials, Advanced Optical Materials 1, 559 (2013).
Shrekenhamer, D; Chen, W; Padilla, WJ, Liquid Crystal Tunable Metamaterial Absorber, Physical Review Letters 110, 177403 (2013).